原料粒径与成分对赤泥/钢渣陶瓷材料结构与性能的影响

Effects of particle size and composition of raw material on microstructure and properties of red mud /steel slag ceramics

利用赤泥、钢渣和滑石为原料，在没有特殊添加剂的情况下，经过模压成形与烧结制备赤泥／钢渣陶瓷材料。通过高倍电镜、差热分析与x射线衍射对材料的形貌与结构进行观察与分析，并测试吸水率与抗弯强度，研究原料的成分与粒径对陶瓷材料性能的影响。结果表明，赤泥／钢渣陶瓷材料的主晶相为透辉石和钙长石。原料粉末粒度越小，陶瓷的性能越好；赤泥用量为70％时材料的性能最佳。综合考虑陶瓷砖块的性能与能源消耗，采用烧结温度为1170℃，选用粒径小于74gm的原料粉末，在赤泥、转炉钢渣和滑石的用量分别为60％～70％、20％～30％~H10％条件下制备赤泥／钢渣陶瓷材料，材料的显气孔率和吸水率都达到建筑陶瓷的国家标准（GB／T4100．2006）技术要求的0．73％和0．03％，抗弯强度超过88MPa。

In order to study the microstructure and properties of the ceramic material prepared from red mud and basic oxygen furnace （BOF） slag, the green body of the ceramic material was produced from red mud, BOF slag and talc by compression molding and sintering without special additive. The effect of particle size and composition of raw materials on properties of the ceramic material was studied by differential thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction analysis and scanning electron microscopy. The results show that the ceramic material possesses the best mechanical properties while the ceramic composition is adopted as 70% red mud, and the properties are better when the particle size of the raw material powder is smaller. The dominated crystal phase in the ceramic is the diopside and anorthite. When the sintering temperature is 1 170 ℃, the particle size of the raw material powder is smaller than 74 μm, and the ceramic composition is adopted as 70% red mud, 20% BOF slag, and 10% talc, meanwhile the ceramic material obtains the porosity of 0.73%, water absorption of 0.03% and flexural strength of 97.87 MPa. That reaches the national professional standard GB/T4100-2006 of construction ceramic.