风城稠油氧化催化降黏剂的研制与性能评价

Development of Oxidation-catalytic Viscosity Reducer for Fengcheng Heavy Oil and Its Performance Evaluation

风城特稠油由于黏度高、流动性差等原因使得其开发和集输非常困难。在不改变其传统降黏工艺的基础上研制了一种新型氧化催化体系的降黏剂,并对氧化催化体系降黏剂组分评选、配方优化、性能评价等做了系统研究。试验结果表明,风城特稠油中胶质、沥青质占原油近50%,其中胶质含量达到31.58%,原油酸值低至3.14mgKOH/g;研制的氧化催化体系降黏剂在注蒸汽的过程中与原油发生氧化催化反应,促进胶质和沥青质等重组分裂解成饱和烃、芳香烃等轻组分和中间组分;降黏剂最佳配方为0.1%的活性碱＋0.2%氧化剂（BOH）＋0.3%催化剂（TOM）。降黏剂加量0.8%、反应时间14~24h、反应温度在150~240℃时,稠油降黏率可达98%以上,与原油相比,反应后稠油中饱和烃与芳香烃增加40%,胶质、沥青质下降22%。

Extra-heavy oil is difficult to exploit and transport due to its high viscosity.A novel oxidationcatalytic viscosity reducer,which would change the traditional method of oil production,is developed by a series of systematic research on components selection,formulation optimization,performance evaluation for the oxidation-catalytic reducer.Experimental results show that there is nearly 50%total content of resins and asphaltene in Fengcheng extra-viscous oil,in which the resins content reaches31.58%,and the acid value of crude oil is 3.14 mgKOH/g.when oxidation-catalytic viscosity is carried to reservoir by injection steam,there are many complex chemical reactions with crude oil,which promotes resins and asphaltenes spliting into some light components and intermediate components such as saturates and aromatics.The best formulation is 0.1%~0.13% active alkali＋0.2% oxidant（BOH）＋0.3%catalyst（TOM）.The viscosity reduction rate of Fengcheng extra-heavy oil is over98% with the dosage of 0.8%in viscosity reducer,reaction condition of 150~240℃ at 14~24h.The content of saturates and aromatics could be increased by over 40%,and resins and asphaltene decreases over22%at amount of 0.8% of viscosity reducer after reaction compared with that of original contents.