扬雄从才子型文人到学者型文人的转化及其意义

On YANG Xiong's Change From Wit-literati to Scholar-literati and Its Significance

扬雄的经历与转折对于汉代文学发展具有重要意义。扬雄居蜀,入京初为待诏、郎官,入石室观书,构成他人生的三个阶段。他的创作也以此为脉,分为三个阶段,初期受蜀地地域文化影响,作品逞才使气,自娱娱人;中期亦是逞才,但开始受朝廷士大夫文化及经学话语的影响,兼有讽喻倾向;后期作品引经据典,为现实政治服务,兼自娱。因为职务之便,他博览群书,《剧秦美新》《州箴》《官箴》等作品援取经典之语,为东汉文人作了很好的示范。扬雄的出处选择为后世文人提供了较好的参照。

YANG Xiong＇ s experience and transition has important significance for the development of literature in the Han Dynasty. YANG Xiong＇ s life was divided three stages： living in Shu area, be- ing a Daizhao and Lang officer in the capital, reading books in the stone house. His works, taking it as a clue,were also divided into three stages. His early works showed his self- consciousness with the feature of amusing himself and others under the influence of sichuan region;his middle works showed his self - consciousness and the allegorical tendency affected by the scholar - bureaucrat cul- ture ; his later works served politics and amused himself by quoting classic languages. YANG Xiong＇ s source choice provided a good reference for later literati. He referred to the classical languages in Ju Qin Mei Xin, Zhou Zhen, Guan Zhen, and made a good demonstration for literati in the Eastern nan.