美国载人航天探索的反思与展望

Outlook of the U.S.Manned Space Exploration

本文分析了美国载人航天探索的历史与现行政策,研究了美国国家研究理事会对美国载人航天政策的评估报告,就实现登陆火星的远景目标的不同技术路径进行了可行性与成本分析,在美国预算受限、政策摇摆的背景下,为未来的载人航天政策提供了原则性建议。美国对于载人航天政策的反思与展望,对我国航天事业的发展具有重要参考借鉴意义。

This article analyzes the historical and present policies of the U.S. manned space exploration, studies the assessment report on the U.S. human spaceflight by the National Research Council, which conducts a feasibility and affordability analysis of the different pathways to realize the horizon goal of human landing on mars and provides fundamental suggestions on the human space exploration policy under the budget-limiting and policy-swaying circumstances. The U.S. human space exploration shed a light on the development of China＇s human space exploration course.