大斜度井射孔技术的探讨

Discussion on the Perforation Technology for High Angle Wells

目前现有的射孔工艺技术射孔孔道始终垂直于枪身,该射孔方式只适合直井或井斜角比较小的定向井,但是大斜度井采用这种射孔方式,由于井眼轨迹与储层斜交,射孔孔道方向就不能保证平行储层,直接影响到射孔弹对储层的有效穿深,同时,射孔孔道有可能穿出油层,最终影响到射孔完井效率和单井产能。因此,有必要开展大斜度井射孔技术研究。该技术通过在弹架内纵向调整射孔弹弹角,结合滚动扶正器进行地层射孔,使最终射孔孔道垂直于地层,解决射孔器在套管中偏移问题的同时,大大提高了大斜度井射孔施工效果,为大斜度井射孔提供技术支持,与应用常规射孔技术的邻井对比,平均有效采油强度提高了29%。

The perforation hole in the existing perforating technology is always perpendicular to the barrel, and this perforation mode is only suitable for vertical well and the deviated wells with low angle. But for high angle well, because the well trajectory is not perpendicular to the reservoir, this perforation mode can not guarantee the perforation hole parallel to the reservoir, which directly affects the effective depth of perforation hole. At the same time, the perforation hole possiblely to penetrate the oil layer, which can affect the perforation efficiency and the single-well productivity. Therefore, it is necessary to research on the perforation technology for high angle well. Vertically adjusting the angle of the perforation bullet in bullet frame and rolling centralizer can make the final perforation hole perpendicular to the reservoir. The technology can not only solve the problem of the offset of perforator in casing, but also the perforation effect of high angle wells is greatly improved. Compared with the adjacent wells constructed by conventional perforating technology, the average effective oil recovery strength of the wells constructed by this perforating technology is increased by 29%.