我国体育学硕士研究生人力资本贬值及其应对研究

Depreciation of Human Capital of Postgraduate Students in Sportology and Coping Strategies

采用文献资料调研、专家访谈、逻辑分析等方法,以人力资本理论为视角,探讨了我国体育学硕士研究生人力资本的贬值问题。研究认为,体育学硕士研究生人力资本贬值是指由于各种内外因素的变化致使体育学硕士研究生在教育周期内体育理论知识、运动技能、能力、健康、德行等价值存量的降低而引发的人力资本使用价值的贬损。市场对人力资本的期望与其现实需求不适应;培养标准与社会需求脱节;师生比例失衡;职业生涯教育与就业指导缺失以及理论知识与实践技能价值存量的不均衡等引发了其人力资本贬值。为了有效应对这种贬值局面,应逐步建立相应的体育学硕士研究生人力资本贬值的"自补偿"机制与外在补偿机制,不断加强招生规模与招生结构的宏观调控,着力培育体育学硕士的实践应用技能,逐步强化职业规划意识,及时转变就业观念与合理进行自我定位,同时严格管控师生比例。

Using literature searches,expert interviews,logic analysis,and human capital theories,this paper discusses the deprecation of human capital of postgraduate students in sportology in China. Depreciation happens as a result of changes in its internal and external factors,which lead to the decrease of value stock in terms of theoretical knowledge about sports,motion skills,ability,health and morality in the cycle of the sportological master＇s program,hence the depreciation of use value of human capital. Many reasons account for this. The expectations of market and the real demand are＂out of sync＂,cultivating standards and social demand＂out of step＂,the number of teachers and the number of students out of proportion,career training and employment counseling deficient,and theoretical knowledge and practical skills unbalanced. To deal with this situation,corresponding self-and external compensation mechanism should be established,the macro-control of the recruitment scale and structure strengthened,and the practical abilities strongly cultivated. Besides,students need to raise their awareness of career planning,adjust their employment attitudes and locate their place in a rational manner. Finally,a strict control should be imposed on the ratio between the number of the teachers and that of the students,and substantial improvement be made in mentoring quality.