湖北麻城市15岁以上居民超重/肥胖患病率及影响因素

Study on the prevalence and influence factors of overweight / obesity among residents aged over 15 years in Macheng City

目的为了解麻城市15岁以上居民超重与肥胖的流行特点以及相关影响因素。方法应用问卷调查及体格检查方法对国家心血管项目抽样人群进行现场调查,采用SPSS 19.0统计分析。结果共调查1 914人,麻城居民超重率为25.29%,肥胖率为7.84%,人群超重和肥胖率随年龄增长呈现先升后降趋势,超重率在50-岁组（43.81%）、肥胖率在55-岁组（14.29%）达到高峰。城乡之间差异无统计学意义（χ^2=0.18,P=0.67;（χ^2=0.26,P=0.61）,经单因素和多因素分析,小学及初中文化程度居民超重率较高,饮食行为中饮酒、食用油、干果、畜肉、奶类等是超重和肥胖患病率的影响因素。结论麻城市15以上居民超重和肥胖患病形势严峻,建议大力开展健康教育和健康促进,倡导全民健康生活方式,尽早对超重、肥胖进行行为干预。

Objective This study aimed to explore the epidemiological characteristics and related factors of overweight and obesity in community residents aged over 15 years in Macheng City. Methods A stratified multi-stage random sampling method was used to extract 1931 residents over 15 years of age for a questionnaire survey and physical examination, SPSS19. 0 was used to perform statistical analysis. Results A total of 1914 people was investigated,overweight rate was 25.29% ,the rate of obesity was 7. 84% in Macheng City, overweight and obesity rates presented a trend of increasing first and decreasing later, and overweight rate reached the peak in the 50 year-old group （43.81%） ,while the obesity rate reached the peak in the 55 year-old group （14. 29% ）. No statistical significance between urban and rural areas （χ^2 = 0. 18, P = 0. 67 ; χ^2 = 0. 26, P = 0. 61 ）. Through both single factor and multi factor analysis, the overweight rates of the residents of primary school and junior middle school were higher. Dietary behavior showed that drinking, cooking oil, dried fruit, meat, milk ete were the factors influencing the prevalence of overweight and obesity. Conclusion The situation of residents of overweight and obesity was serious in Macheng City, targeted health education and health promotion should be performed, universal health lifestyle should be advocated, and the intervention of the behavior of overweight/Obesity should be carried out as early as possible.