构建急进高海拔地区急性应激性胃肠道损伤大鼠模型

Construction of rat models of acute high altitude stress-induced gastrointestinal injury

背景:前急进高海拔地区胃肠道急性应激损伤的模型建立鲜有报道,建立稳定的急进高海拔肠应激性损伤模型成为当前研究急进高海拔应激性胃肠损伤及相关疾病的前提。目的:建立急进高海拔引起的急性应激性肠缺血再灌注大鼠模型。方法:将雄性Wistar大鼠24只按随机数字表法分为3组,高海拔下限正常对照组、高海拔假手术组和高海拔缺血再灌注组各8只。大鼠急进海拔地区,缺血再灌注组以血管夹夹闭肠系膜上动脉根部完全阻断血流60 min,之后松开动脉血管夹,恢复肠道血流形成再灌注,时间为60 min。假手术组仅分离肠系膜上动脉不作夹闭。正常对照组不作任何处理。大鼠再灌注60 min后,以化学发光法检测肌酸激酶同工酶、谷草转氨酶、谷丙转氨酶、尿素氮、肌酐水平,并行病理组织学观察分析。结果与结论:急进高海拔并行肠缺血再灌注对大鼠肝、肾、心功能均有不同程度的损伤,肠黏膜出血,腺体断裂甚至发生溶解,黏膜层和黏膜固有层有大量炎性细胞浸润。提示采用急进高海拔地区后动脉夹夹闭肠系膜上动脉的方法制备急进高海拔地区急性应激性胃肠道损伤的大鼠模型病情相对稳定,方法简单,适于进行急进高海拔地区急性应激性胃肠道损伤的防治研究。

BACKGROUND： At present, there are few reports about construction of the model of acute high altitude stress-induced gastrointestinal injury. Construction of a stable high altitude stress-induced gastrointestinal injury model has become a premise of the current studies on acute stress-induced gastrointestinal injury and related diseases. OBJECTIVE： To establish rat models of acute high altitude stress-induced gastrointestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury. METHODS： Twenty-four male Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal control（lower limit of high altitude）, sham（high altitude） and ischemia/reperfusion（high altitude） groups（n=8 rats/group）. Rats from all groups underwent a rush for high altitude region. The root of the superior mesenteric artery of rats in the ischemia/reperfusion group was clamped by a vascular clip to completely block blood flow for 60 minutes, and then intestinal blood flow was recovered for reperfusion for 60 minutes. The rats in the sham group were only subjected to separation of superior mesenteric artery without occlusion. The rats in the normal control group received no treatment. After reperfusion for 60 minutes, serum levels of creatine kinase isoenzyme, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, blood urea nitrogen and creatinine were detected by chemiluminescence assay and histopathological analysis was performed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： A rush for high altitude region combined with gastrointestinal ischemia/reperfusion damages rat liver, kidney and heart function to different degrees, leading to intestinal mucosal bleeding, glands rupture or even dissolution, and infiltration of a large number of inflammatory cells in the mucous layer and lamina propria layer. These results suggest that the method of preparing rat models of acute high altitude stress-induced gastrointestinal injury by clamping the root of the superior mesenteric artery is simple to operate. The constructed rat models have a relatively stable disease condition and are suitable for investigating the strategies for preventing and treating acute high altitude stress-induced gastrointestinal injury.