中国银行业市场结构与绩效的实证分析——基于SCP理论范式

An Empirical Analysis of China Banking Market Structure and Performance——Based on the SCP Paradigm

以SCP范式理论(即"结构-行为-绩效"理论)为框架,运用2005-2014年前12家商业银行所提供的面板相关,对银行业的市场结构影响其行为及效率进行实证分析,结果表明,四大国有银行的市场份额和市场集中度(CR4)均较大,银行业的市场属于高集中寡占型。在分析银行业的市场绩效时,选用了总资产收益率(ROA)、净资产收益率(ROE)和不良贷款率,这三大数据的动态指标均显示随着我国银行业市场集中度的降低,各大银行的效率在逐年提升。建议政府继续对银行业实施放松管制的改革,促进行业内部竞争的多元化,同时加快四大国有商业银行的商业化进程,并且积极鼓励中小银行的发展,营造良好的银行业竞争环境。

Applying the SCP theory （i.e. the theory of＂structure - behavior - performance＂）as the analysis flame,using panel data between 2005 and 2014 of 12 banks,we analyzed the behavior and efficiency influenced by the banking market structure. The results show that the four state-owned banks have big marketshare and market concentration （CR4）, banking market falls under the high concentration oligopolistic type; By looking at the total return on assets （ROA）, return on equity （ROE） and non- performing loan ratio analyzing, it is discovered that the banking industry＇s market performance,and the overall trend is gradually reducing in concentration in industry） but the efficiency is increasing year-on-year. Finally it issuggested that the government should continue with the reform of deregulation to the banking industry, promote the diversification of industry competition, and speed up the commercialization of the four state-owned commercial banks, and actively promote the development of small to medium-sized banks, in order to create a good environment for the banking competition.