某纺织厂职工听力损失发病工龄调查

Investigation on incidence of hearing loss in a textile factory

目的了解某职业性噪声暴露人员的听力状况,为制定防制措施提供数据支持。方法选择8 h等效连续噪声暴露人员,运用横断面调查方法,由经过培训合格的人员进行问卷调查和纯音听力检查。结果排出非噪声性听力损失的影响,有效调查1 001人,高频听力损失检出率为65.1%(651/1 001),显著高于语频听力损失检出率(3.0%,30/1 001),言语频率平均听力损失≥26 d B的阳性检出率在工龄<10年组为0.0%;高频及语频听力损失率在10年及以上各工龄组间差异无统计学意义。结论 10年以下噪声暴露基本不会影响作业人员的言语频率听力,建议对职业性噪声暴露工人采取针对性健康管理措施,减少听力损失的发生、发展。

Objective To find out hearing impairment status of occupational noise exposure workers.To provide data support for making scientific prevention and control strategies.Methods Workers that accepted exposure of equivalent continuous noise for 8 hours were selected.Using cross-sectional survey method,questionnaire survey and pure tone hearing test were conducted by trained and qualified personnel.Results Eliminating influence of non noise hearing loss,1 001 people were surveyed effectively,the detection rate of high frequency hearing loss was 65.1%（ 651 /1 001）,which was significantly higher than the detection rate of word frequency hearing loss（ 3.0 %,30 /1 001）.Positive detection rate of words frequency average hearing loss of 26 d B or more was 0.0 % in group of working age less than 10 years; High frequency and word frequency hearing loss rate were no significant difference between groups with working age 10 years or more.Conclusion Noise exposure less than10 years will not affect word frequency hearing,health management measures were suggested to conduct among occupational noise exposure workersto reduce occurrence and development of hearing loss.