粳稻不同杂交杀雄方法比较

Comparing the Different Sterile Methods in Japonica Rice

在水稻育种中,杂交杀雄工作是一项繁重而重要的工作。实验以水稻育种实践中的10份材料为操作对象,比较了温汤杀雄和剪颖杀雄对其杀雄效果,并仔细研究了剪颖杀雄法中最佳杀雄时间和剪颖长度。结果表明:温汤杀雄较剪颖杀雄杂交结实率更高,自交结实率更低,是相对高效的水稻杀雄方式。但剪颖杀雄操作时间较为灵活,能够操作更多的颖花和稻穗。在大规模杂交工作中,剪颖杀雄是更为可行的杂交杀雄方式。授粉前一天下午,剪颖2/3长度,是最佳的剪颖操作方式。

In rice breeding, flower sterilization is onerous and important.In the experiment, we compared the different sterilization methods： hot-cide stamen method（HSM） and trim-cide stamen method（TSM） in 10 inbred lines.At the same time,we studied the best operating time and the best length of trimming the glume in TSM.The result indicated that the intercross rate of HSM was higher than TSM and selfcross rate of HSM was lower than TSM.HSM is more efficient.But the operating time of TSM was more flexible,and TSM could trim more glumes and panicles.In the large-scale operating of hybridization,TSM is more feasible. The best operating of TSM was that two thirds of glume was trimmed away in the afternoon during rice anthesis.