侦查言语交际中语境的功能、特征和建构

Context in Criminal Investigation Expressing Communication: Functions, Features and Construction

在讯问、询问、辩论等侦查言语交际中,不仅要考察语言表达式的抽象意义即其通常情形下的内涵和外延,还得考察其具体意义和社会意义。这就需要考察其使用环境、语言的使用者及其对语言表达式意义的影响等因素。这些影响语言表达式意义的因素就是语境。在侦查言语交际中,语境承担着多方面的、不可或缺的认知功能,并因而呈现出动态性、主体性和整体性等特征。为了正确认识和应用语境,还必须把握侦查言语交际中语境的类型,并按照一定的程序进行科学的建构。

In the criminal investigat ion expressing communications, such as interrogation, enquiry and debate, the criminal invest igators must not only study the abstract meanings of expressions, which are their connotations and denotations, but also their concrete ones and social ones. It is necessary to take many factors into account, such as the circumstances, the users and their influences on the language expressions. These factors interfering the meanings of expressions are called context. In these criminal investigat ion expressing communications, context undertakes many and indispensible cognitive functions, and therefore presents some features such as init iat ive, subjectivity and entirety. So as to understand and utilize context correctly, the criminal investigators need to seize the types of the context in these criminal investigat ion expressing communications and construct it scientifically according to some established procedures.