中国警察教育近代化历程中的“东仿西效”及其启示

The Imitation of European and American Police Systems in the Moder-nization of Police Education in China and Its Inspiration

20世纪上半叶,中国近代警察教育沐欧风美雨而生。从清末对日本模式的单一移植和模仿,到北京政府时期欧洲模式的导入,再到南京国民政府时期对美国经验的学习,中国近代警察教育始终保持了对外国经验的高度崇拜。对西方警察教育经验借鉴有余而本土化不足的历史局限,是制约中国近代警察教育发展的不利因素之一。

The modern police education in China was init iated and developed in the process of imitation of centralized and decentralized police systems in the early 20 th century. From the simplex imitat ion and transplantation of Japanese police system in the late Qing Dynasty, to the introduction of European police model into the country during the period of Peking Government of the Republic of China, to the learning of the Amer ican policing experience during the period of Nanking Government of the Ro C, the police education in modern China gradually followed a path of learning from various police systems. The historic limitat ion of lack of localizat ion and excessive adoption of the practice of police education in the western countries, posed as one of the disadvantages which restricted the development of police education in modern China.