基于FGB法的船体曲面拼板焊接工艺研究

Study on Hull Curved Plates Welding Technology Based on FGB Method

介绍了FGB法曲面外板高效焊接工艺的来源和应用现状,阐述了该焊接工艺的应用价值。针对国内船舶制造企业在曲面板焊接时遇到的反变形值和余量加放控制的问题,运用有限元方法对FGB法焊接进行数值模拟,计算分析该焊接方法可能引起的变形。设计并完成了FGB法焊接试验,将实验结果与理论计算结果相对比,验证了FGB法具有较小的焊后变形。通过生产现场的应用试验,详细分析了FGB法焊接工艺在实际应用中的现场适用性和实用性。并通过与原先曲面板CO2气体保护焊的对比研究发现:FGB法焊接工艺具有焊后变形小、焊接效率高等优点,可以完全不需要通过调整胎架的方式加放反变形。在曲面外板拼板焊接时使用FGB工艺可以提升焊接自动化水平,焊接效率提升明显,节约辅助材料。

This paper introduces the origin and application status of FGB method as an efficient welding technology for curved shell plate of ship hull, and expounds the application values of this technology.In view of the problems of anti distortion value and allowance control that the domestic shipyards meet with when they conduct welding of curved shell plates, this study uses the finite element method to perform the numerical simulation of welding based on FGB method, and calculates the potentially deformation maybe caused by this welding method. During the study, the welding experiment based on FGB method is designed and conducted, and through the comparison between theoretical and numerical results, it is verified that the welding deformation caused by FGB method will be much smaller. Based on the application experiment at the construction site, the applicability and practicability of FGB welding method is analyzed in detail. Compared with the original CO2 shielded welding method, it is found that the FGB welding method has smaller post weld deformation and higher efficiency, and adding anti deformation without adjusting the bed-jig is possible. The application of FGB technology in curved plate welding will improve the automation level of welding, largely increase welding efficiency and save auxiliary material.