基于统计能量法理论的收割机驾驶室噪声分析

Cabin Noise Analysis of Vehicles Based on Statistical Energy Analysis Theory

汽车的噪声、振动和舒适度(NVH)是衡量汽车制造质量的一个综合性技术指标,尤其体现为驾驶室的振动噪声水平。采用统计能量分析法(SEA)原理对某一型号农用收割机的驾驶室进行噪声预测分析,并对SEA的建模有效性进行实验验证。研究结果表明:在低频域,驾驶室背板的振动是引起驾驶室噪声的主要因素,而在高频段,驾驶室噪声水平则主要取决于外部噪声。对此,可采用增加壁板结构阻尼的方法来有效拟制驾驶室内部低频噪声,同时通过增加驾驶室壁板厚度等方法降低驾驶室内的低频噪声。另外,减少各个子系统连接间的泄漏也是改善高频噪声的一个有效途径。

Noise, vibration and harshness (NVH) is a comprehensive measure of the quality of automobiles. Especially, the cabin noise level is an important index which can represent the quality of the vehicles. In the present paper, the Statistical Energy Analysis (SEA) modeling technique was employed to analyze and predict the interior cabin noise of an agricultural harvester. The validity of the SEA model was verified by in-situ measurements. The results reveal that for the agricultural harvester, the vibration of the back wallboard of the cabin is the main source of its interior noise in the low frequency range. While for the high frequency range the interior noise of the cabin is mainly associated with the exterior noise. Consequently, increasing the structural damping and the thickness of the back wallboard can effectively reduce the internal noise level at low frequencies. In addition, decreasing the leakage of subsystem’s junctions is another effective way for reducing the high frequency cabin noise.