针对性护理对肾结石患者术后康复及预防复发的效果研究

Efficacy of targeted care on kidney calculi postoperative rehabilitation and prevention

目的：探究针对性护理对肾结石患者术后康复及预防复发的效果.方法：选取2010年1月至2013年5月来我院就诊的需行经皮肾镜取石术（PNL）治疗的肾结石患者104例,依据分层随机分组法将患者分为2组,每组52例;给予治疗组针对性护理,对照组常规护理;比较两组患者术后康复与复发情况.结果：术后3天治疗组患者出现切口出血、切口感染、膀胱刺激征及尿培养阳性例数均低于对照组,治疗组患者术后出现肉眼血尿天数、镜下血尿天数、疼痛天数、体温、腹痛、腹胀、褥疮、双J管移位及1年后复发例数均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）.结论：针对性护理可明显改善患者术后不适症状,降低并发症的发生率及严重程度,还可有效防止肾结石的复发.

Objective： To explore the efficacy of targeted personalized care on postoperative rehabilitation and prevention in patients with kidney calculi. Methods： 104 cases of kidney calculi patients admitted in our hospital for percutaneous nephrolithotripsy （PNL） during January 2010 to May 2013 were divided into two groups using the stratified randomization method with 52 cases in each group. The patients of the treatment group were given personalized targeted care and the patients of the control group were given routine care. Postoperative recovery and recurrence in the two groups were observed and compared. Results： Incision bleeding, incision infection, bladder irritation, and urine test positive occurrence 3 days after operation in the treatment group were lower than that of the control group. Gross hematuria emergence, microscopic hematuria emergence, duration of pain, temperature, abdominal pain, bloating, pressure ulcers, and occurrence of double J tube shift, and recurrence after 1 year in the treatment group were lower than that of the control group. The differences were statisticaly significant （P〈0.05）. Conclusion： Targeted personalized care can not only significantly aleviate symptoms of patients, reduce the occurrence and severity of complications, but also prevent the recurrence of kidney calculi effectively.