资本下乡:农民的视角——基于全国214个村3203位农户的调查

Capital to Countryside:Perspective from Farmers——Based on Investigation from 3203 Farming Families in 214 Villages Nationawide

通过对大样本调查数据的统计分析认为,资本下乡既有利于农民增收就业,但也可能"伤农害农";农民认为资本下乡比较好,也愿意出租土地给下乡企业并到下乡企业打工,特别是在自主权和收益权得到保障的情况下,农民对资本下乡的评价以及出租土地的意愿都非常高。可见,资本下乡本身并不可怕,可怕的是对农民权益没有保障的资本下乡。因此,资本下乡要从建立收益分享与增长机制、提高农民的组织化程度和政治参与程度、完善社会保障体系、强化监管等方面着手,真正把维护好、发展好农民的权益作为推进资本下乡的出发点和落脚点。

Based on statistical investigation,this paper concludes that＂capital to the countryside＂can not only be conducive to the increase of farmer＇s income and employment,but also do harm to farmers.From farmer＇s perspective,＂capital to the countryside＂is good and they are willing to lease their land to the enterprises going to the countryside and work for these enterprises.If their decision-making rights and profit rights are ensured,farmers highly praise ＂capital to the countryside＂and they have strong willingness to lease their land.Therefore,＂capital to the countryside＂itself is not awful and it is awful only because farmer＇s rights and interests are not guaranteed.The ＂capital to the countryside＂should begin with establishing the mechanism for sharing and increasing revenue,improving the degree of organization and political participation of farmers,perfecting the social security system and strengthening regulatory aspects.Most importantly,the protection of farmers＇ rights and interests should be set as the starting point and foothold to push forward＂capital to the countryside＂.