黑龙江省马铃薯晚疫病菌交配型、瑞毒霉敏感性及mtDNA单倍型分析

Analysis of Mating type, Metalaxyl Sensitivity and mt DNA Haplotypes of Phytophthora infestans Collected from Heilongjiang Province

2012-2014年在黑龙江省各马铃薯主产区共分离了151株马铃薯晚疫病菌,并测定了晚疫病菌的交配型、瑞毒霉敏感性和mt DNA单倍型。交配型测定结果显示,分离的151株马铃薯晚疫病菌中,A1交配型为103株（68.2%）,自育型为33株（21.9%）,A2交配型为15株（9.9%）。这说明黑龙江省马铃薯晚疫病菌的群体结构发生了明显的变化。瑞毒霉测定结果显示,2012-2014年分离的151株菌株中敏感性菌株占3.3%,中抗菌株占6.6%,抗性菌株占90.1%,表明黑龙江省部分马铃薯主产区分离的晚疫病菌已对瑞毒霉产生抗药性。线粒体DNA单倍型的测定结果显示在黑龙江省部分马铃薯主产区共发现了3种线粒体DNA单倍型,分别为Ia,Ib和IIa。其中,IIa mt DNA单倍型的数量最多,发生频率为86.1%。这说明IIa mt DNA单倍型是黑龙江省部分马铃薯主产区的优势种群。

Mating type, metalaxyl sensitivity and mt DNA haplotypes of 151 Phytophthora infestans isolates col-lected from Heilongjiang Province from 2012 to 2014 were determined in the study. The results of mating typeshowed that among the 151 P. infestans isolates, 103（68.2%） isolates were A1 mating type, which account for68.2%; 33 isolates were self-fertility type, which account for 21.9%; 15 isolates were A2 mating type, which ac-count for 9.9%. The results suggested that the group structure of potato late blight fungus in Heilongjiang Provincehas changed obviously. The results of metalaxyl sensitivity showed that among the 151 P. infestans isolates, 3.3%isolates were sensitivity to metalaxyl, 6.6% isolates were moderate resistant to metalaxyl, and 90.1% isolates were re-sistant to metalaxyl. The results suggested that P. infestans isolates in Heilongjiang Province have been of metalaxylresistance. The results of mt DNA haplotype showed that three mt DNA haplotypes were found in the main potatoplanting areas in Heilongjiang Province. The three mt DNA haplotypes were Ia, Ib and IIa, respectively. Of which,the IIa type with the occurrence frequency of 86.1% was the most. The result suggested that IIa mt DNA haplotypewas the dominant population in the main potato planting areas in Heilongjiang Province.