新桂系“农都”建设与旱地农作物推广研究

On the Construction of“Agricultural Town”and the Cultivation Promotion of Upland Crops by New Warlord in Guangxi

新桂系集团统一广西后不久,在柳州沙塘建立广西农业实验场。抗战时期,各沦陷区的农业科研机构及其人员聚集沙塘,利用广西农业试验场开展科学实验活动,沙塘迅速成为中国的战时"农都"。为支撑大后方经济,新桂系集团将"农都"培育的玉米、马铃薯、红薯等高产旱地农作物品种,通过严密的行政系统,采取务实而有效的措施,大力进行推广,有效提高了粮食产量,为抗战的胜利做出了贡献。新桂系集团支持和利用战时"农都"发展农业生产的措施,从一个方面反映出大后方地区经济建设的特点及其意义。

Soon after the unification of Guangxi, New Warlord set up agricultural experimental fields in Shatang, Liuzhou. In the period of the Anti-Japanese war, a great many agricultural scientific research institutions with staff transferred from the areas under Japanese Imperialism to Shatang, which made Shatang be an ＂agricultural town＂. To support the rear area economy, New Warlord cultivated widely the corn, potatoes, sweet potatoes and other high-yield upland crops. With rigorous administration and cultivation promotion of crops, New Warlord in Guangxi effectively improved the food production, which made outstanding contribution to the victory of the anti-Japanese war.These measures are simultaneously the indication of the features and significance of the economic construction in the rear areas during war time.