遵义地区2013年手足口病病毒亚型鉴定结果分析

Analysis on virus subtypes and epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease in Zunyi in 2013

目的 鉴定遵义地区手足口病病毒亚型,观察其感染病毒类型特征.方法 收集2013年1-12月期间于遵义市第一人民医院就诊的疑似手足口病例样本,采用细胞分离结合逆转录-聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）检测柯萨奇病毒A16型（CA16）、肠道病毒71型（EV71）及肠道病毒通用型（EV）的阳性率,并对所测结果进行统计分析.结果 ①在2013年度所有疑似4 680例手足口病患者的样本检测中阳性者17 47例,占37.3%.②在1 747例阳性检测标本中年龄小于2岁者895例,占所有阳性患者的51.23%;2-4岁者659例,占37.72%;4-6岁者187例,占10.70%;大于6岁者6例,占0.34%.③所有手足口病病毒阳性检出患者中CA16型阳性者38例,占2.17%;EV71型阳性者203例,占11.62%;EV型阳性者1 726例,占98.80%.结论 2013年度遵义地区手足口病主要易感人群为4岁以下儿童,病毒流行亚型以肠道病毒EV型感染为主.

Objective To investigate the virus subtypes of hand-foot-mouth disease （HFMD） in Zunyi, as well as to analyze the epidemiological features in this area. Methods Samples of suspected HFMD cases in the First People＆#39;s Hospital of Zunyi from January to December in 2013 were collected. Cell separation combined with reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR） was used to detect the positive rate of coxsackie virus A16 （CA16）, enterovirus 71 （EV71） and enterovirus （EV）. The results was statistically analyzed. Results （1） Among the 4 680 cas-es suspected of HFMD in 2013, there were 1 747 positive infectious cases, which accounted for 37.3%. （2） Among the 1 747 positive cases, there were 895 cases of less-than-two-year-old children （accounting for 51.23%）, 659 cases of 2-4-year-old children （37.72%）, 187 cases of 4-6-year-old children （10.70%）, and only 6 cases of more-than-6-year-old children （0.34%）. （3） Among the 1 747 positive cases, there were 38 cases of CA16 subtype （accounting for 2.17%）, 203 cases of EV71 subtype （11.62%）, and 1 726 cases of Enterovirus （EV） subtype （98.80%）. Conclusion The sus-ceptible population of HFMD in Zunyi in 2013 was the children under the age of 4. The virus subtype was mainly EV.