单细胞蛋白定量检测方法研究进展

Research advances in quantitative detection of single cell protein

蛋白质的存在及表达水平差异可以阐明生物体的生理或病理变化机制,因此蛋白质的定量检测对疾病发生机制研究、疾病诊断和预后评价等具有重要意义。传统的组织水平上的蛋白定量检测反映的是细胞中蛋白质表达量的平均水平,它往往忽略了单个细胞之间存在的差异,而单细胞蛋白定量检测手段则更能真实地反映这种差异。近年来发展了一系列单细胞蛋白定量检测的方法,如微流控技术、微孔技术、光导纤维纳米生物传感器技术、基于活性的荧光探针技术和质谱法等,本文就这些方法的原理、优缺点等进行简要介绍。

Proteins presence and differences of the expression level can clarify the physiological or pathological changes in organisms;so the quantitative detection of proteins is vital for disease mechanism research;diagnosis and prognosis evaluation.Traditional protein quantitation methods at the tissue level reflected the average protein expression in cells;but ignore the differences between individual cells.In contrast;approaches for quantitative detection at single-cell level can better reflect the differences.Recently;a number of approaches for such detec-tion have been proposed;including microfluidics;microwell-based technology;optical fiber nanobiosensor;activity-based probe technology and mass spectrometry.The principles;advantages and drawbacks of these approaches are briefly introduced in this review.