夏同龢:一个传统士大夫向近代知识人转型的典型样本

Xia Tonghe: A typical swatch of transformation from a traditional scholar-bureaucrat to a modern intellectual

清末民初贵州人夏同龢,在近代历史的浪潮中,只是极为普通的一员。但经过对其人生经历的梳理,不难发现具有转型时代的典型特征。一方面,夏同龢是中国传统士大夫的典型,他高中状元,达到传统士大夫人生理想追求的顶峰,其政治哲学思维亦与传统无别;另一方面,他又是近代知识分子的先声,无论是其近代知识背景,还是其所关注乃至从事的事业,都是名副其实的近代知识分子。夏同龢的转变,体现了中国知识分子从传统走向近代的艰难历程。真切理解夏同龢及其所处的时代,对我们理解近代中国,具有非凡的意义。

Xia Tonghe, the Guizhou man in the period of the end of the Qing Dynasty and the begging of the Republic, was a very common grain in the tidal wave of the modem history. However, it is not dif- ficuh to find through sorting out his life experiences that he had the typical characteristic in mation period. On the one hand, Xia Tonghe was typical of the Chinese traditional scholar the transfor- - bureaucrat who came out first in the palace examination, reaching the crest of ideal life pursuit commonly practiced by traditional bureaucrats and whose philosophic thinking possessed no difference from the traditional thinking, and on the other, he was a first sign of the modem intellectual, whose knowledge background and even his profession were worthy the name. Xia Tonghe＇ s transformation incarnated the hard course of changing from the tradition to the modern. Truly understanding Xia Tonghe and the times he was in has extraordinary significance for us to understand the modem China.