卡介苗接种后皮肤不良反应23例临床分析

Clinical analysis on adverse reaction of bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccination

目的总结卡介苗接种致不良反应的临床特征与治疗方法。方法收集2005年9月—2014年11月至我科就诊,并确诊为卡介苗接种后皮肤出现不良反应的患儿23例,对其自然信息、就诊后检查及治疗方案使用SPSS16.0统计软件分析处理数据及随访。结果男女比例为1.09∶1,1~3个月最多见（52.2%）。以皮肤表现（结节、斑块、脓肿）为主（23例）,其次为淋巴结异常反应（8例,占25%）。治疗上皮损仅予对症治疗,伴淋巴结持续增大者口服异烟肼及利福平联合治疗。皮损于2~4个月愈合并遗留瘢痕。结论多数卡介苗接种后皮肤不良反应可通过外用药物及密切随访得到有效控制。

Objective To summarize the clinical characteristics and therapeutic schedule of bacillus Calmette-Guérin（BCG）. Methods The general conditions,auxiliary examination and therapeutic schedule of 23 patients diagnosed as adverse reaction of BCG vaccination,from September 2005 to November 2014,were retrospectively analyzed by SPSS16.0 statistical software and followed up. Results The male and female ratio is 1.09：1,and 52.2% of the patients were in the age group of 1 to 3 month. Skin lesions were the mainly performance（23 cases,100%）,followed by abnormal reactions of lymph nodes（8 cases,25%）. Symptomatic treatment was given to the patients only with the skin lesions,and the patients with continued lymphadenectasis had been given the combined treatment of isoniazid and rifampicine. The natural history of these lesions is the ulceration formation and scarring that developed after 2 to 4 months from vaccination. Conclusion The adverse reaction of BCG vaccination need intervention and close outpatient follow-up.