飞行员的空间能力与其安全绩效的关系研究

Study on relationship between pilots' spatial cognition and their safety performance

为研究飞行员安全绩效的变化趋势以及飞行员的空间能力与其安全绩效的关系,运用多层线性模型方法对飞机快速存取记录器（QAR）数据和飞行员心理选拔笔试数据进行分析。研究结果表明：飞行员入职0~4 a内的安全绩效水平呈现显著下降的趋势,且个体差异明显;空间能力中的空间关系能力对飞行员的安全绩效下降速率有显著的负向影响,但空间视觉化能力与空间定向能力的影响不显著。空间关系能力对飞行员入职0~1 a内安全绩效水平的预测效应显著,两者呈正相关,而空间视觉化能力与空间定向能力的预测效应不显著。

Data from both aircraft Quick Access Recorder（ QAR） and literary test of pilots＇ psychological selection were analyzed by using of the approach of hierarchical linear model,in order to find the changing trends of pilots＇ safety performance and explore the effects of pilots＇ spatial cognition on their safety performance. Results showed that pilots＇ safety performance has dropped significantly in the first four years after taking up the job,that the downtrend shows a prominent individual difference and spatial relation ability has a significantly negative effect on the downtrend of pilots＇ safety performance,but spatial visualization ability and spatial orientation ability had no significant effect,and that spatial relation ability has a significantly positive effect on pilots＇ safety performance in one year,but spatial visualization ability and spatial orientation ability had no significant effect.