养老机构老年人抑郁状况与日常生活活动能力的相关性研究

Research on the Correlation between Geriatric Depression and Activities of Daily Living among Institutionalized Elderly People

研究养老机构老年人的抑郁状况(GDS)与日常生活活动能力(ADL)及工具性日常生活活动能力(IADL)的关系,为提高养老机构老年人生活质量提供依据.采用分层抽样法,抽取昆明市6家养老机构245名60岁以上的自愿参加本研究的老年人,应用ADL量表、IADL量表、GDS量表及一般情况调查表进行问卷调查.用Epidata3.1建立数据库,用SPSS 17.0进行数据分析,组间比较用t检验和单因素方差分析,相关性分析用线性回归和Pearson相关分析法.结果显示:本次调查中的245名老年人ADL轻度障碍,需要部分帮助;IADL功能较低,需要大部分帮助;GDS结果为轻度抑郁.抑郁程度与ADL、IADL呈负相关(P<0.05),各年龄组ADL、IADL、GDS无差异(P>0.05).养老机构老年人的日常活动功能和工具性日常功能越好,抑郁程度越低.老年人希望得到在情感、工具性日常功能活动、经济方面的社会支持,可根据老年人期望得到的社会支持提供相应的社会支持来提高老年人的生活质量,减轻抑郁情绪.

The aim of this research is to identify the correlation between geriatric depression and activities of daily living,to provide the evidence in promoting the quality of life of institutionalized elderly people. Stratified sampling method was applied in the research to recruit 245 elderly who were more than 60 and voluntarily attended the research from 6 institutions in Kunming. Activities of Daily Living（ ADL）,Instrumental Activities of Daily Living（ IADL）,Geriatric Depression Scale（ GDS） and general characteristics were evaluated in this study. The data were established by Epidata 3. 1,then analyzed by SPSS 17. 0,and were analyzed using t-tests,linear regression and Pearson＇s correlation. The results shows that the elderly people were mildly disabled in ADL and needed partially help in ADL. Their functions in IADL were poor so they need a great help in IADL and the GDS score indicated mild depression. GDS scores of the participants were negatively related with ADL scores and IADL scores（ P〈0. 05）,and there was difference among various age group in ADL,IADL and GDS. The better the score of ADL and IADL of the elderly,the less the depression level. The participants expected emotional,instrumental and financial supports. The social support can be provided to the institutionalized elderly people according to their needs.