一段批评史:中国现代话剧职业化的探讨

On the Professional Trend of Chinese Modern Drama

职业化问题是中国现代话剧发展中的一个重要命题。20世纪20年代批评界对话剧职业化的发声主要基于"爱美剧"实践的得失。30年代以来,对话剧职业化的探讨逐渐深入,尤其是中国旅行剧团成立后,其商演模式一直饱受争议,从赞扬到质疑乃至批判,批评家的发声凸显了商业话剧面对保持艺术品位与增加票房收入的两难。殊途同归,无论是亲自试水职业话剧的戏剧同仁,还是以戏剧为救亡工具的"左翼"文人,通过批评和论争,都认识到话剧走职业化道路的重要性。

Professionalization is a very important issue in the development of Chinese Modem Drama. In 1920s the criticism on the professionalization of spoken drama was based on the gains and the losses of the ＂Amateur＂ troupe. From 1930s, as the debate on the professional trend of modem drama went further, especially, after the establishment of China Tour Troupe, the commercial pattern of the troupe was criticized. Actually, the criticism indicates the dilemma about balancing artistic taste and box office earnings. After the debate and the criticism, the theater professionals from professional-oriented theater and the ＂Left-wing＂ literature circle both recognized the importance of professionalization of Chinese spoken drama.