1Iannello S, Camuto M, Cavaleri A, et al. Effects of short-term metformin treatment on insulin sensitivity of blood glucose and free fatty acids[J]. Diabetes Obes Metab, 2004, 6(1): 8-15.
2DeFronzo RA, Goodman AM, The Multicenter Metformin Study Group. Efficacy of metformin in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus[J]. N Engl J Med, 1995,333(9): 541-549.
3Wiernsperger NF, Bailey CJ. The antihyperglycaemic effect of metformin: therapeutic and cellular mechanisms[J]. Drugs, 1999, 58(Suppll): 31-39.
4Pentikainen PJ, Neuvonen PJ, Penttila A. Pharmacokinetics of metformin after intravenous and oral administration to man[J]. Eur J Clin Pharmacal, 1979, 16(3): 195-202.
5Graham GG, Punt J, Arora M, et al. Clinical pharmacokinetics of metformin[J]. Clin Pharmacokinet, 2011,50(2): 81-98.
6Tsuda M, Terada T, Mizuno T, et al. Targeted disruption of the multidrug and toxin extrusion I (Matel) gene in mice reduce renal secretion of metformin[J]. Mol Pharmacol, 2009, 75(6): 1280-1286.
7Kang H J, Lee SS, Lee CH, et al. Neurotoxic pyridinium metabolites of haloperidol are substrates of human organic cation transporters[J]. Drug Metab Dispos, 2006, 34(7): 1145-1151.
8Meyer zu Schwabedissen HE, Verstuyft C, Kreemer HK, et al. Human multidrug and toxin extrusion I(MATEI/SLC47AI) transporter: functional characterization, interaction with OCT2(SLC22A2), and single nucleotide polymorphisms[J]. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, 2010, 298(4): F997-FI005.
9Konig J, Zolk 0, Singer K, et al. Double-transfected MDCK cells expressing human OCTl/MATEI or OCT2/MATEI: determinants of uptake and transcellular translocation of organic cations[J]. Br J Pharmacol, 2011, 163(3): 546-555.
10Somogyi A, Stockley C, Keal J, et al. Reduction of metformin renal tubular secretion by cimetidine in man[J]. Br J Clin Pharmacol, 1987, 23(5): 545-551.