摘要
目的通过描述一起学校流行性腮腺炎暴发疫情的流行特征,寻找引起暴发的危险因素并针对性地提出有效防控措施。方法搜索该起疫情的病例,进行描述性分析和病例对照研究,分析暴发原因和危险因素。结果该起流行性腮腺炎暴发疫情,共搜索到53例临床诊断病例,罹患率为12.56%;该起疫情存在隐性感染者;在校集中就餐是危险因素（OR=9.82,95%CI 3.37~28.70）,洗手〉2次/d（OR=0.32,95%CI 0.650.16）和接种疫苗（OR=0.31,95%CI 0.10~0.97）为保护因素。结论隐性感染者可能是本次疫情暴发的重要原因,学校教育学生养成良好的卫生习惯、提高相关疫苗接种率、疫情发生时减少学生相互接触机会是防止发生类似事件的有效防控措施。
Objective To describe the epidemic characteristics of a mumps outbreak in a school and indentify associated risk factors,and to put forward pertinent prevention and control measures. Methods The epidemic cases were collected and described. Case control study was conducted to analyze the causes and associated factors. Results There were 53 cases collected,with an incidence of 12. 56%. Inapparent mumps existed in this epidemic. Centralized eating in school was the risk factor（ OR = 9. 82,95% CI： 3. 37-28. 70）,while washing hands no less than 2 times（ OR = 0. 32,95% CI： 0. 65- 0. 16） and vaccination（ OR = 0. 31,95% CI：0. 10-0. 97） were the protective factors. Conclusion The inapparent cases were propably the major causes in this outbreak. Countermeasures should be taken to prevent reoccurrence of mumps epidemic,including promoting healthy habits in students,raise the vaccination rate and reducing the mutual contact among students in the epidemic.
出处
《职业卫生与病伤》
2015年第5期293-296,共4页
Occupational Health and Damage
