乐山市五通桥区美沙酮维持治疗门诊患者脱失原因分析及干预对策

The analysis of withdrawl cause of Leshan Wutongqiao methadone maintenance treatment and intervention countermeasures

目的:探讨美沙酮维持治疗门诊患者脱失情况并制定相应的干预对策。方法:通过美沙酮维持治疗管理系统,对149例脱失患者采用电话回访、同伴教育及公安、社区摸底排查等方式,对脱失的主要原因进行描述性的分析,并与117名美沙酮维持治疗人员人口学特点及海洛因使用、伴发传染病及美沙酮维持治疗情况进行比较。结果:脱失人员中,以汉族无配偶、初中以下文化程度、无业男性居多,因与毒品无关的违法犯罪被抓(占17.45%)、疾病/怀孕(占14.10%)、自认为戒断、因偷吸而被强制隔离戒毒、死亡(各占13.42%)为脱失的主要原因。结论:创造就业条件、加强对毒品及MMT知识宣传、争取社会、家人的支持和监管及心理疏导,才能降低脱失率,提高保持率。

Objective： To investigate the withdrawl cause of methadone maintenance treatment and formulate intervention countermeasures. Methods： Through the management system of methadone maintenance treatment,using telephone pays a return visit to 149 addicts,peer education and public security,community a baseline screening,descriptive analysis of the main reasons of depigmentation,with 117 methadone maintenance treatment personnel and demographic characteristics and heroin use,with infectious diseases,and methadone maintenance treatment. Results： Most of the withdrawl addicts are the Han nationality,no spouse,junior high school,unemployed men,is taken by illegal crime has nothing to do with drugs（ 17. 45%）,disease / pregnancy（ 14. 10%）,for stealing suction compulsory isolation detoxification,death（ 13. 42%） as the main cause of depigmentation. Conclusion： To reduce the withdrawl rate,increase the rate of retention,creating employment conditions,strengthen the drug and MMT knowledge propaganda,getting support from the society,family,and regulatory and psychological counseling.