“城市病”的形成机理研究──基于城市人口承载力视角

Study on the Formation Mechanism of Urban Disease-from the Perspective of Urban Population Carrying Capacity

在城镇化快速推进过程中,国内外不少城市特别是大城市都在不同程度上出现了诸如交通拥堵、环境恶化、资源短缺等"城市病"现象,制约着城市的健康发展。为解决此问题,可在界定"城市病"内涵的基础上,对"城市病"的成因进行归类,接着基于城市人口承载力视角构建以"城镇化(Urbanization)—压力(Pressure)—反应(Response)—城市病(Disease)"为系统集的"城市病"(UPRD)形成机理模型。研究结论为城市管理、城市建设、个体和组织行为及现代科技作为反应系统,如果在城镇化进程中发挥积极作用,可以缓解人口承载压力,抑制"城市病"的发生;反之,如果发挥负效应或作用力不强,城市就面临着人口超载的压力,导致不同程度、类型的"城市病"发生,为此,应采取相应的政策措施,解决相关问题。

Urban disease, which can increase people＇s living cost, destroy our human people＇s living and developingspace, restrict the healthy development of cities, has become a focus of people＇s attention. Based on defying theconnotation of urban disease, this paper classifies the reasons that cause urban diseases, and puts forward the UPRD（Urbanization- Pressure- Response-Disease）Model based on the urban population carrying capacity. During the process ofurbanization,as a reflecting system,if city management,construction,individual and organizational behaviors and modernscience and technology play positive roles, population pressure can be eased and urban diseases can be inhibited.Otherwise, cities may face population overlaid pressure and different types of urban diseases will appear. Finally the paperproposes sone countermeaswres and suggestions.