玫瑰茄引种栽培与应用研究进展

Reviews of roselle introduction cultivation and application

综述了我国玫瑰茄的引种历史与栽培现状、有效成分与保健作用,以及在应用与加工等方面的研究进展。玫瑰茄适宜在热带、亚热带生长,长江中下游一带为玫瑰茄的引种栽培边界,长江以北地区栽培会受到早霜危害;适宜播种时间为3—5月,采收时间为9—11月;主要产品花萼可提取玫瑰茄色素、玫瑰茄皂甙、玫瑰茄多糖等多种营养物质;具有抑菌、抗氧化和保护心血管等作用;在保健饮料开发、天然色素提纯利用、玫瑰茄籽油榨取以及医药方面均具有广阔的市场前景,并可作为荒山荒滩先锋作物进行种植。

The advances of researching into roselle（Hibiscus sabdariffa） in China were reviewed in terms of introduction history,cultivation situation,active ingredients and health-care function as well as application and processing technology.The preliminary analysis found that the tropical and subtropical regions are adaptable to the growth of roselle,and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River are the northern limit of roselle cultivation due to less frost resistance;The appropriate sowing and picking periods are respectively from March to May and from September to November;Such nutrient substances as roselle pigments,roselle saponins and roselle polysaccharides can be extracted from the calyxes—main product of roselle,and they have such effects as bacteriostasis,antioxidation and cardiovascular protecton;Roselle has a vast market prospect in development of health beverage,purification and utilization of natural pigments,and extraction of seed oil as well as medicine,and can be planted as a pioneer crop in barren mountains and abandoned beaches.