荷兰Groasis保水节水造林技术在民勤荒漠区的应用

Application of Groasis Water-saving Afforestation Technology of Holland in Minqin Desert Area

[目的]研究荷兰Groasis（水盒子）在民勤荒漠区保水节水造林的初步应用,为荒漠区困难立地条件下进行大规模的节水造林和农业推广提供参考数据。[方法]选择了11种荒漠植物造林树种,在民勤沙区的退耕地、丘间地、引种圃3种类型的田间进行试验,测定成活率、土壤水分等。[结果]（1）11种抗风沙树种在退耕地的土壤含水率的高低顺序为：沙拐枣〉花棒〉毛条〉柽柳〉沙地云杉〉樟子松〉胡杨〉蒙古扁桃〉沙棘〉榆树〉沙枣。（2）各种抗风沙树种在典型的3种土壤类型中,利用水盒子栽培的土壤含水率明显高于普通栽培的土壤,要高出2～5倍。（3）不同抗风沙树种和蔬菜利用水盒子在3种典型土壤类型中成活率比对照不同程度提高25%～70%左右。[结论]利用水盒子可以有效地提高抗风沙树种的成活率。

[Objective] To study the application of Groasis（water-box） technique of Holland in the afforesta- tion in Minqin desert area, we aimed to provide reference data for larger scale water-saving afforestation in desert areas. [-Methods] By choosing 11 afforestation tree species, fields tests were conducted in returning land, in- ter dunes and introduction garden in Minqin desert area. The survival rate, soil moisture of these tree species were measured as well. [-Results] The results showed that： （1） Soil moisture content of 11 afforestation tree species in abandoned farmland was Calligonurn mongolicum 〉 Hed ysarum scoparium 〉Caragana korshinskii Tamarix chinensis〉 Picea mongolica 〉 Pinus sylvestris 〉 Populus euphratica 〉Arnygdalus mongolica Hippophae rhamnoides〉Ulmus pumila 〉 Elaeagnus angustifolia. （2） Within all 3 soil types, the mois- ture content in the sand resist trees cultivated by water-box was 2 to 5 times higher than that in the normal cultivation. （3） The survival rate in all sand resist trees cultivated by water-box was improved by 25% to 70%, compared with the normal cultivation. [Conclusion] The water-box can effectively improve the water use efficiency for the sand resist tree species.