生态脆弱区土地利用变化及驱动力——以河北省张北县为例

Land-use Change and Its Driving Forces in Ecologically Fragile Region——A Case Study of Zhangbei County,Hebei Province

[目的]研究河北省张北县的土地利用变化及其驱动因素,为该区域土地管理决策和土地资源可持续利用供科学依据。[方法]以1989,1995,2000,2010年TM遥感影像为数据源,运用遥感、地理信息系统、数理统计分析等技术与方法,系统分析了张北县土地利用变化的时空特征,剖析了土地利用变化的驱动因素。[结果]张北县主要地类为耕地、林地和草地,1989—2010年土地利用数量变化主要表现为耕地和草地面积的减少,林地和建设用地面积的增加,其中2000—2010年土地利用变化更为剧烈;地类转换主要表现为耕地、草地向林地转变以及耕地、草地向建设用地的转变;空间变化主要表现为东部坝头地区林地增加明显,中部平原地区建设用地扩张明显。[结论]近20年来张北县土地利用变化明显,主要受自然及社会经济因素综合影响。此外政策因素也是该区域土地利用变化的主要驱动因素。

[Objective]This paper aimed to investigate the land use change and its driving forces in Zhangbei County,Hebei Province to provide references for the decision-making in land use management and sustainable use of land resources in this region.[Methods]Based on the TM remote sensing images in 1989,1995,2000,and 2010,using the technology and method of remote sensing,geographic information system and multivariate statistical analysis,this paper analyzed the spatial and temporal variations of land use in Zhangbei County.Factors driving land-use change were investigated.[Results]The main land-use types in Zhangbei County were arable land,forest land and grass land.During the period of 1989—2010,arable land and grass land decreased and forestland and construction land increased,especially in the period from 2000to2010.As to the land use types,arable land and grassland mainly changed into forestland and construction land.As to the spatial variation,forest land increased significantly in the eastern edge of Zhangbei Bashang Plateau,and the construction land expanded dramatically in the central plain of the county.[Conclusion]Major land-use change has occurred in Zhangbei County in the past 20 years owing to the influence of natural and social-ecnomic factors.