中国各省区绿色创新效率评价及其提升路径研究——基于影响因素的分析

The Evaluation of the Green Innovation Efficiency and the Path to Improvement in China——An Influencing Factor-Based Analysis

将技术创新理论与生态理念相结合,以求提高资源生产率、减少对环境造成的污染,是实现经济、能源、环境良性循环的必然选择。由于传统的DEA模型无法有效的解决存在非期望产出的情况下的效率评价问题,因此,采用非径向—双目标DEA的方法分别以废气排放总量、废水排放总量、工业用水量、能源消耗总量为非期望产出建立了中国各省区的绿色创新效率测度模型,利用Lingo软件选择了中国30个省区绿色创新效率,得出位于绿色创新效率前沿面的主要是东部发达地区,中部、西部地区的绿色创新效率较低;其次,运用空间计量的方法进一步研究了影响中国绿色创新效率提高的环境因素,提出要提高绿色创新效率的路径,即进一步加大对创新效率的资金投入,尤其是鼓励企业自发性的进行技术创新;加大对环境保护的监管力度;吸引技术含量高、低污染、低能耗的外商企业进行投资等建议。

To combine the theory of technological innovation with the ecology concept to increase resource productivity and reduce environmental pollution is the inevitable choice in reahzing the virtuous circle of economy,energy and environment.The traditional DEA model cannot effectively solve the efficiency evaluation under conditions of undesirable output.This paper,applying the non-radial-double objective DEA model,established an undesired output model to measure the green innovation efficiency in China＇s 30 provinces in terms of the total emissions,the total amount of wastewater,the industrial water consumption and the total energy consumption.The Lingo software was used to estimate the green innovation efficiency in China（excluding Tibet）.The result showed that the green innovation efficiency was higher in the eastern provinces,and lower in central and western provinces.The spatial econometric approach was applied to assess the influence of the environmental factors on the green innovation efficiency.This paper proposed effective approaches to the improvement of the green innovation efficiency — increase the funding for the innovation efficiency（enterprises,in particularly,must be encouraged to engage in spontaneous technological innovations）,strengthen the supervision of the environmental protection,and attract FDI which is of high technology,low pollution,and low energy consumption.