美国失业保险待遇调整机制分析及对中国的启示

The US Adjustment Mechanism of Unemployment Benefit and Its Implications for China

美国建立了由一般失业保险制度、补充失业保险制度和应急失业保险制度构成的三层次失业保险制度体系。一般失业保险制度发放固定期限的失业保险金;而补充失业保险制度和应急失业保险制度则根据失业率水平启动实施,实现对失业保险总给付期限的调整。美国三层次失业保险制度体系以及与失业率关联的失业保险给付期限调整机制有助于发挥失业保险制度的反经济周期功能,为完善中国失业保险给付期限调整机制提供了经验借鉴。

The United States of America has established a three-tiered unemployment insurance system：the regular unemployment insurance program,extended unemployment insurance program and emergency unemployment insurance program.The regular program provides fixed unemployment benefits,while the other two adjusts the benefit duration in line with the unemployment rate.The coordination among the three programs and the duration adjustment mechanism help improve the countercyclical function of the unemployment insurance system in the United States.