新疆自治区二级以上医院突发公共卫生事件应急培训与演练调查研究

Emergency training and practice to cope with public incidence for secondary class hospitals in Xinjiang

目的了解新疆自治区二级以上医院应急培训演练的能力现状，分析存在的问题，以提高医院对突发公共卫生事件的应急能力水平。方法采用统一设计的《新疆自治区二级以上医院突发公共卫生事件应对能力现状调查问卷》对新疆自治区二级以上186家医院进行普查。结果从制定培训演习内容方面不够全面，在新疆自治区暴恐高发地区对暴恐的培训演习不够全面，仅有19家有突发暴力恐怖袭击事件的培训演练。缺乏如何面对媒体的培训，有如何面对媒体的医院仅有83家，占44．6％。参加培训的人员结构不均衡，心理保健医生在接受培训中所占比例最少仅28家医院，占15．1％。在应急演练培训学习自评不到位，对于生物／化学／核辐射等恐怖袭击事件有104家医院没有进行自评，占55．9％。结论培训演练在应对突发公共卫生事件中具有重要作用。新疆各级医疗机构仅拥有能承担突发公共卫生事件应急救援的专业队伍，大多二级以上综合性医院（93．55％）依照应急预案对医务工作人员进行培训，但是少数能通过全面的培训及演练提升应对能力。因此，在培训与演练的内容、培训人员的结构、培训演练的自评方面需要进一步加强和完善。

Objective To explore those secondary class hospitals＇ current capability of training/exercise to cope with public emergency, locate the problems and find solution to improve their timely responding capability to the incidence. Methods A unified questionnaire which focused on secondary class hospitals＇ responding capability to public incidence in Xinjiang was given to the 186 hospitals in the region. Results The following weaknesses were found： 1. Lack of comprehensive training exercise, especially for terrorist attacks. There are only 19 hospitals that prepared the training exercise （10%）; 2. A disproportionate participants structure of which only 28 hospitals sent their psychological care givers to the training in （15.1%）; 3. An incomprehensive self-assessment of which 104 hospitals didn＇t not give any assessment for biological/chemical/radiation incidence in a terrorist attack （55.9%）. Conclusion The survey is considered being effective in helping perfect the training exercise to improve the content of the training and drills, training personnel structure, as well as self-assessment.