剖宫产产妇医院感染发生的危险因素调查及预防措施

Investigation on the risk factors of cesarean section maternal with hospital infection and preventive measures

目的观察剖宫产产妇发生医院感染的状况，对引发医院感染的危险因素进行分析，并探讨相应的预防措施。方法回顾性分析施行剖宫产的943产妇的临床资料，观察其发生医院感染的状况，对引发医院感染的危险因素进行详细的分析。结果73例产妇发生医院感染，感染率为7．74％。感染发生在手术部位41例，发生在泌尿生殖系统11例，发生在呼吸系统6例，发生在消化系统、皮肤和神经系统均为10例。2次以上的剖宫产手术、年龄过大、合并有基础疾病、医护人员的手术操作熟练度过低、未应用抗生素、住院时间过长、留置尿管时间过长均是妇产科剖宫产术后医院感染发生的独立危险因素（OR=0．223、0．670、1．850、6．062、0．302、2．190、3．583，均P〈0．05）。结论剖宫产产妇医院感染的发生率呈逐年上升趋势，因此医护人员应针对发生感染的危险因素采取对应的预防措施，从而有效降低感染的发生率。

Objective To observe the occurrence of nosocomial infection in maternal hospital cesarean delivery situation, analyze risk factors of hospital infection, and to explore the corresponding prevention measures. Methods The clinical data of 943 lying - in women with cesarean section were retrospectively analyzed. The conditions of hospital infection occurred were observed, the risk factors for nosocomial infection were analyzed. Results 73 cases occurred maternal hospital infection ,the infection rate was 7.74%. The infection occurred at surgical site in 41 cases, 11 cases occurred in urogenital system, 6 cases occurred in the respiratory system, 10 cases occurred respectively in the digestive system, skin and nervous system. More than 2 times of cesarean delivery operation, too large age, with basic diseases, low medical staff operation proficiency, not using antibiotics, too long time of hospital stay, too long time of placing a urinary catheter were independent risk factors of hospital infection after cesarean section （ OR = 0. 223, 0. 670,1. 850,6. 062,0. 302,2. 190,3. 583, all P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion The incidence rate of hospital cesarean section maternal hospital infection are rising year by year, so the medical personnel should aim at the risk of infection factors, take corresponding prevention measures, so as to effectively reduce the incidence of infection.