2014年某稀土生产企业职业病危害现状调查与评价

Investigation and analysis on current situation of occupational hazards in a rare-earth production enterprise in 2014

目的了解某稀土公司存在的职业病危害因素及其危害程度,为稀土生产企业的职业病防治提供依据。方法采用职业卫生调查、检测和健康检查等方法进行职业病危害因素的辨识和评价。结果该厂存在化学毒物、噪声、粉尘等职业病危害因素。粉尘:焙烧车间粉碎工和看火工的时间加权平均浓度(CTWA)超标,焙烧车间共计采集18份样,其中粉碎、回转窑投料、接料3个操作岗位14份样品浓度超标;库房和锅炉房各有1份样品超标。毒物:盐酸、氢氧化钠、一氧化碳、二氧化碳涉及5个岗位的CTWA和短时接触浓度(CSTEL)均未超标。镧铈精矿破碎工、搬运工的8 h等效连续声级均达到了95.9 d B(A),超过了国家标准。结论该公司职业病危害因素种类较多,应加强职业病防治工作。

[Objective] To understand the occupational hazard factors in a rare-earth production enterprise, analyze the hazard degree, provide the basis for the occupational disease prevention and control in rare-earth production enterprise.[Methods] The occupational hazard factors were identified and analyzed by the occupational health investigation and detection, as well as health examination.[Results] The major occupational hazards were chemical agents, noise and dust. The concentration-time weighted average（ CTWA） of dust among grinding workers and fire workers in roasting workplace exceeded the limit. A total of 18 samples were collected in roasting workplace, 14 samples from grinding, rotary kiln feeding and collecting posts exceeded the limit, while1 sample from storeroom and 1 sample from boiler room exceeded the limit. The CTWAand concentration-short term exposure limit（ CSTEL） of hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide in 5 posts met the standards. 8-hour continuous equivalent sound level of grinding workers and transport workers in lanthanum-cerium mine reached 95.9 d B（ A）,which exceeded the occupational exposure limits.[Conclusion] There are many occupational hazard factors in this enterprise, so it is essential to strengthen the occupational disease prevention and control work.