北京市大兴区流行性感冒和人禽流感监测结果分析

Analysis on surveillance results of influenza and human avian influenza in Daxing District of Beijing

目的分析北京市大兴区流行性感冒（简称流感）流行状况,为制定防制对策和措施提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对大兴区2013—2014年流感和人禽流感监测资料进行统计分析。结果 2013年9月30日—2014年4月6日,大兴区共报告流感样病例（ILI）7 549例,占门急诊病例总数的0.57%。ILI主要集中在25-59岁年龄组,占总数的49.01%。采集ILI咽拭子标本540份,阳性标本61份,阳性率11.30%;其中甲型H1N1流感25份,甲型H3N2流感18份,乙型Yamagata流感18份。职业暴露人群监测,采集咽拭子标本355份,H5N1和H7N9禽流感病毒核酸检测结果均为阴性;血清标本310份,检出抗体阳性26份;其中甲型H1N1流感抗体阳性11份,甲型H3N2亚型抗体阳性15份,未检出H5N1和H7N9亚型阳性的标本。结论2013—2014年度大兴区流感疫情比较平稳,未出现暴发和流行,也未发现人禽流感疫情。应继续开展流感和人禽流感相关监测工作,做到早发现、早报告、早诊断和早治疗,有效控制疫情,减少传染病的危害,保障人民群众身体健康。

[Objective]To analyze the epidemic situation of influenza in Daxing District of Beijing, provide scientific basis for making prevention and control measures.[Methods]The monitoring data of influenza and human avian influenza in Daxing District from 2013-2014 were statistically analyzed by the descriptive epidemiological method.[Results]From September 30, 2013 to April6, 2014, a total of 7 549 influenza-like illness（ ILI） cases were reported in Daxing District, accounting for 0.57% of total emergency cases. Most of ILI cases were people aged 25-59 years old, accounting for 49.01% of the total cases. Among 540 throat swabs, 61 strains of influenza viruses were detected, with the positive rate of 11.30%, which included 25 strains of influenza A（ H1N1） virus, 18 strains of influenza A（ H3N2） virus and 18 strains of influenza B virus Yamagata group. The surveillance of occupational exposure population revealed that all results were negative for H5N1 and H7N9 avian influenza among 355 throat swabs, 26 of 310 serums samples were positive, which included 11 positive cases of influenza A（ H1N1） antibody, 15 positive cases of influenza A（ H3N2） antibody, while H5N1 and H7N9 subtype antibodies were not detected. [Conclusion]The epidemic situation of influenza is stable in Daxing District from 2013-2014, and there are no outbreaks of influenza and human avian influenza. It is necessary to continue to implement the surveillance of influenza and human avian influenza, and achieve early detection, early reporting, early diagnosis and early treatment, to effectively control the epidemic situation, reduce the harms of infectious diseases, and protect people＇s health.