2011—2014年阳春市农村饮用水水质监测结果

Monitoring results of rural drinking water in Yangchun City from 2011-2014

目的分析阳春市农村生活饮用水水质卫生状况,为保障农村饮用水安全卫生提供科学依据。方法根据广东省每年下发的《广东省农村生活饮用水水质卫生监测方案》要求,制定2011—2014年各年的监测点,按照GB/T 5750-2006《生活饮用水标准检验方法》采集生活饮用水进行检测,结果按GB 5749-2006《生活饮用水卫生标准》进行分析与评价。结果2011—2014年共检测水样562份,合格171份,总合格率为30.43%,各年度水质合格率差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.473,P>0.05)。农村集中式供水与分散式供水合格率分别为34.11%、6.25%,二者差异有统计学意义(χ2=163.38,P<0.05)。枯水期与丰水期水样合格率分别为39.86%、21.00%,二者差异有统计学意义(χ2=23.611,P<0.05)。细菌学指标及消毒剂指标不合格是农村饮水水质不合格的主要原因。结论阳春市农村集中式供水、分散式供水的水质合格率均较低,应加大农村生活饮用水监管力度,确保农村集中式供水卫生消毒制度落实,减少农村自备井使用。

[Objective]To analyze the sanitary status of rural drinking water in Yangchun City, provide a scientific basis for ensuring the safety and health of rural drinking water. [Methods]The monitoring points during 2011-2014 were selected according to the Rural drinking water hygiene monitoring plan in Guangdong. The sampling and detection were conducted according to the Standard examination methods for drinking water（ GB/T 5750-2006）, and the results were analyzed and evaluated according to the Drinking water sanitary standard（ GB5749-2006）.[Results]A total of 562 water samples were detected from 2011-2014, and171 samples were qualified, with the qualified rate of 30.43%. The difference in annual qualified rate was not statistically significant（ χ^2=0.473,P〉0.05）. The qualified rate of centralized and decentralized water supply was 34.11% and 6.25%respectively, and the difference was statistically significant（ χ^2=163.38,P〈0.05）. The qualified rate in dry period and wet period was 39.86% and 21.00% respectively, and the difference was statistically significant（ χ^2=23.611,P〈0.05）. The bacteriological indexes and disinfectant indexes were the main reasons of unqualified results. [Conclusion]The qualified rates of centralized and decentralized water supply in rural area are low in Yangchun City. It is necessary to strengthen the supervision of rural drinking water, ensure the implementation of disinfection system in rural centralized water supply, and reduce the use of self-drilling well.