重铬酸钾对昆明小鼠肝肾毒性的影响

Toxic effect of potassium bichromate on liver and kidney in Kunming mice

目的应用组织学方法研究不同浓度六价铬对昆明小鼠肝肾毒性的影响,观察小鼠生理状态的改变及肝脏和肾脏的病理变化。方法将体质量、毛色、生理状态相似的60只昆明小鼠分为六组(其中一组进行预实验,另五组进行正式实验),每组10只,雌雄各5只,分别用浓度为0.00、0.32、0.64、1.28、2.56 mg/kg的重铬酸钾溶液给予五组小鼠灌胃,每天1次,连续灌胃染毒1个月后,解剖取其肝脏、肾脏,用苏木精-伊红染色法制成切片,观察其病理结构变化。结果随着重铬酸钾浓度的增加和染毒时间的延长,小鼠的活动能力变弱、精神状态变差。解剖后,40倍显微镜下观察结果显示小鼠肝脏、肾脏病变明显,有出血现象,细胞异形性明显,部分细胞坏死。结论重铬酸钾对昆明小鼠肝肾具有明显的毒性作用,其诱导小鼠的肝肾组织产生病变,且浓度越高作用越强。

Objective To study the toxic effect of different concentrations of hexavalent chromium on the liver and kid-ney of Kunming mice,and to observe the changes of physiologic status and the pathologic changes of their kidney and liver. Methods 60 Kunming mice with the similar body mass,hair color and physiologic status were randomly divided into 6 groups（conducting the pre-experiment in one group and formal experiment in other 5 groups）,10 cases in each group,half male and half female. The potassium bichromate solution at concentration of 0.00,0.32,0.64,1.28,2.56 mg/kg was gavaged in 5 groups,once daily. After 30 d continuous gavage for contacting toxicity,the liver and kidney were taken and stained by hematoxylin and eosin（HE） for preparing the sections. Then the pathologic structure changes were observed. Results Along with the increase of potassium bichromate concentration and extending of contacting toxicity time,the mice′ activity capability was decreased and their mental state came to be worse. After anatomy,the pathologic changes of the liver and kidney were obvious,such as bleeding phenomena,apparently heteromorphic cells and partially necrotic cells under the 40 fold microscope. Conclusion Potassium bichromate has obvious toxic effect on the liver and kidney of Kunming mice,which induces the liver and renal tissues to generate the lesion,moreover the higher the concentration,the stronger the toxic effect.