钦州市钦北区2006~2014年病毒性肝炎流行特征分析

Analysis on epidemic characteristics of viral hepatitis in Qinbei district of Qinzhou city during 2006-2014

目的了解2006~2014年广西壮族自治区钦州市钦北区病毒性肝炎流行病学特征,为制定防治策略和措施提供科学依据。方法收集2006~2014年钦州市钦北区病毒性肝炎疫情资料,采用描述性流行病学方法进行分析,包括发病情况、时间分布、人群分布、职业分布、地区分布等内容。结果 2006~2014年钦州市钦北区共报道病毒性肝炎4330例,年均发病率为63.98/10万,发病率总体呈上升趋势。乙型肝炎是病毒性肝炎的主要类型,其次为丙型肝炎,分别占发病总数的77.94%和17.55%,男女性年平均发病率比较,差异无统计学意义（χ2=642.36,P〈0.01）;发病主要集中在20~〈60岁,占78.73%;发病人群以农民为主,占68.34%。在地区分布中,以大寺镇发病率最高,为128.08/10万。结论应重点加强乙型肝炎预防控制,加强医源性感染的防控,加大重点人群的宣教及疫苗接种工作。

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of viral hepatitis in Qinbei district of Qinzhou city of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from 2006 to 2014 to provide the scientific basis for formulating the prevention and control strategies and measures. Methods The epidemic situation data of viral hepatitis in Qinbei district during 2006-2014 were collected and analyzed by using the descriptive epidemiologic method,including the contents of onset situation,time distribution,crowds distribution,occupational distribution and area distribution. Results Totally 4 330 cases of viral hepatitis were reported in Qinbei district during 2006-2014 and the average annual incidence rate was 63.98/100 000,the incidence rate showed the overall upward trend. Hepatitis B was the main type of viral hepatitis,followed by hepatitis C,which accounted for 77.94% and17.55% of the total onset number,respectively. The average annual incidence rate had no statistical difference between males and females（χ2=642.36,Ρ〈0.01）;the onset was mainly concentrated at the age of 20-59 years old,accounting for 78.73%,and the onset population was mainly farmers,accounting for 68.34%. In the area distribution,Dasi town had the highest incidence rate,which was 128.08/100 000. Conclusion Strengthening the prevention and control of hepatitis B should be focused,the prevention and control of iatrogenic infection should be strengthened and the education and vaccination work of key people should be increased.