不同修剪方式对设施“红地球”葡萄花芽分化的影响

Effect of Different Pruning Methods on Flower Bud Differentiation of Facilities‘Red Globe'Grapes

以＂红地球＂葡萄为试材,研究了日光温室＂红地球＂葡萄结果母枝不同粗度、芽位萌发的新梢与孕穗率的关系及撤膜时间对花芽分化的影响。结果表明：＂红地球＂葡萄结果母枝粗度在0.7~1.4cm时,母枝上的新梢结果枝比率为52.4%~72.3%,新梢结果系数0.688~0.802,在此粗度范围内,结果母枝剪留长度为5~10个芽。在宁夏引黄灌区以5月中旬,当昼夜平均气温稳定在16℃时撤除棚膜,有利于新梢花芽形成,除膜时间晚于6月中旬,影响葡萄当年花芽形成和第2年产量。高干＂厂＂字型篱架单臂水平整枝,较独龙蔓篱架效益提高27.1%。

Using‘Red Globe＇grapes as test material in solar greenhouse,the influence of thick of grape fruit cane,bud notes and different time of removing the film on flower bud differentiation was studied.The results showed that when thick of grape fruit cane was 0.7-1.4cm in‘Red Globe＇,the ratio of fruit-bearing new shoots in mother branches was52.4%-72.3%,fruiting cane fruiting coefficient was 0.688-0.802.In this range of the thick of grape cane,the pruning length of fruiting cane was 5-8buds.In the yellow river irrigation areas of Ningxia,when the average temperature of removing the film was at 16℃in mid-May,this was beneficial to the formation of flower buds shoots.If the time of removing the film was late for mid-June,this influence on the formation of flower buds shoots and the yield of grape fruit in the second year.The single-armed horizontal pruning in long-stem‘厂＇shape trellis could increase income of 27.1%compared with the independent long-stem pruning.