中国净等价收入规模的测算方法及应用

A Method of Calculating the Net Equivalent Income Scale in China and its Application

综述了估计等价规模和计算等价收入的经济理论、方法体系和量化指标,并基于我国国情及相关调查数据的现实情况建立了一套有效的模型测算工具,以此为基础对我国居民收入的等价规模进行了测算。结果表明,我国的等价规模指标与国际已有研究结果存在较大差异,特别是表现在"我国抚养子女的规模经济效益并不显著"以及"老龄人口必须纳入我国家庭规模经济测算框架"两个方面。本文提供的研究框架、建模方法和测算结果有助于为我国精确刻画以家庭福利为基准的收入分配状态,基于家庭消费支出结构的计算方式能够帮助管理者有效地设计和实施家庭收入扶植计划,另外,研究结果对于收入差距的测算以及贫困线的划定等问题有着理论界定和实际测算的指导意义。

This paper reviews the researches of economic theory, methodologies and quantitative indicators for net equivalent income, and then based on the China＇s reality and the Chinese household survey data, we establish a set of modeling tools to calculating the equivalence scale of China and to evaluating the equivalent income of Chinese household. The results show that China＇s equivalence scale is very different from that of the existing research results, especially in two aspects, one is that economies of scale of child-rearing is not significant, the other is the aging population must be included in the estimation framework of the equivalence scale.. The modeling tools and research results in this paper will not only help to accurately measure and calculate the status of Chinese resident＇s income distribution related to the level of its household welfare, but also can help government to effectively design and implement the household income support programs. In addi- tion, this research can provide the theoretical definition and calculating tools for income inequality and poverty thresholds.