兔、羊脑泡状棘球蚴病动物模型的MRI与病理对比分析

MRI and pathological comparative analysis on rabbit and sheep cerebral alveolar echinococcosis model

目的对比分析兔、羊2种不同实验动物脑泡状棘球蚴病模型的MRI表现及病理表现,探讨不同动物模型在脑泡状棘球蚴病诊断中的应用价值。方法采用颅骨穿刺法及颈动脉穿刺法分别建立兔脑泡状棘球蚴病模型及羊脑泡状棘球蚴病模型,于兔建模型后30、60、90d及羊建模型后90、180d与1a分别行MRI扫描检测是否成模成虫,成模动物行病理学检查。结果羊模型成模率为36.36%,兔模型成模率为12.24%。颅骨穿刺法成模率为20.83%;颈动脉穿刺法无一例建模成功。2种模型在90d时MRI均可检测出全部病灶,仅有1例羊模型1a观察时MRI表现似人脑泡状棘球蚴病,T2WI呈"煤炭黑"样低信号并可见多发高信号小囊泡。1 H-MRS兔模型90d在1.33ppm处显示Lip及Lac峰。羊模型在180d时,检测到NAA、Cho、Cr峰,各峰均降低,NAA/Cr、Cho/Cr及NAA/Cho比值降低,在1.33ppm处显示Lip峰和乳酸Lap峰。兔模型病理未见六头蚴头节及生发膜,羊模型成虫见六头蚴及生发膜。结论兔、羊脑泡状棘球蚴病模型与人脑泡状棘球蚴病的MRI及病理表现相似,可为人脑泡状棘球蚴病诊断、特别是早期诊断提供良好的研究模型,为制订治疗方案提供决策依据。

Objective To explore the clinical application value of different animal models on the diagnosis of human cerebral alveolar echinococcosis through comparatively analyzing the MRI and pathological dataon rabbit and sheep cerebral alveolar echinococcosis model.Methods The animal models of cerebral alveolar echinococcosis in rabbit and sheep were established respectively by the skull puncture method and cranial artery puncture method.The sheep models were evaluated respectively by MRI in 30 days,60days,90 days after modeling.The rabbit models were evaluated respectively by MRI in 90 days,180days,1year after modeling.The successful models were also evaluated by the pathological measurement.Results The successful rate of sheep and rabbit were 36.36%and 12.24%respectively.The successful modeling rate of skull puncture method was 20.83%.There was no successful case in carotid artery puncture modeling.All lesions could be detected by MRI in 90 days after modeling.Of all lesions,only one case of sheep model of MRI performance was similar to human cerebral alveolar echinmococcosis,which showed low signal like＂coal black＂and multiple high signal little cystic on T2 WI.In the 90 days of rabbit models,1 H-MRS showed that the（Lac＋Lip）at 1.33 ppm.In the 180 days of sheep models,1 H-MRS demonstrate that decreased NAA,Cho,Cr,and reduced NAA/Cr,Cho/Cr,NAA/Cho,and the（Lac＋Lip）at 1.33 ppm.The sheep pathological model showed protoscoleces and germinal membrane,however,none of the above performances showed in the rabbit model.Conclusion The pathological and MRI signs are similar between the models and human cerebral alveolar echinococcosis,which can provide favorable experimental animal models for the diagnosis,especially for early diagnosis and provide evidence for the treatment.