代谢组学在母胎医学中的研究进展

Metabonomics Application in Maternal-fetal Medicine

代谢组学是以定量描述生物体受刺激或基因修饰后代谢物变化为目标的新兴组学,其研究对象是细胞、组织、器官的小分子化合物。妊娠期母体代谢机制是宫内环境和胎儿结局的重要决定因素,这些代谢机制发生变化可引起妊娠相关疾病,从而对妊娠结局造成影响。目前尚缺乏妊娠相关疾病的早期临床诊断方法及特异染色体疾病(如21-三体综合征)和胎儿畸形的最佳诊断方法。将代谢组学的方法应用于产科各种生理病理状态研究,有望实现妊娠相关疾病的预测及发病机制的阐释,对妊娠相关疾病的防治和母婴预后有重要意义。综述代谢组学在妊娠相关疾病中的应用及发展潜力。

Metabonomics refers to the study of dynamic system responses of multiple endogenous body metabolites to a stressor, pathophysiological stimuli, or genetic modification, it is a research field concerned with developing methods for analysis of low molecular weight compounds in biological systems, such as cells, organs or organisms. Maternal metabolism during pregnancy is a major determinant of the intrauterine environment and fetal outcomes, which can affect fetal outcomes. Given the recognized lack of prenatal clinical methods for the early diagnosis of pregnancy-related diseases, and the continuing need for optimized diagnosis methods for specific chromosomal disorders（e.g. trisomy 21） and fetal malformations, many research sought specific metabolic signatures of these conditions. The application of metabonomics to maternal-fetal medicine research will help to predictive disease biomarkers and interpret the pathogenesis. In addition, it can also provide the theoretical and experimental support for prevention and treatment of pregnancy-related diseases as well as the prognosis of mothers and their infants. Review the current and potential applications of metabolomics in pregnancy-related diseases.