转化医学与中国微创外科的发展（英文）

Translational medicine and the development of minimally invasive surgery in China

转化医学(translational medicine,TM)的概念于1992年提出,它的核心是一门将医学生物学基础研究成果迅速有效的转化为可在临床实际应用的理论、技术、方法和药物的科学。近年基础医学研究投入不断提高,但能应用到临床的成果却甚少,如何提高基础医学研究成果的转化率,受到世界范围内广泛关注,转化医学因此应孕而生。纵观世界微创外科的发展史,亦是实验科学与临床科学不断促进和发展的过程。中国微创外科起步较晚,但经过中国微创外科前辈们的努力,从基础研究转化到临床应用并逐步摸索出自己的经验,提高自身在国际上的影响力。总的来看,基础研究成果丰硕,但真正能转化为临床实践并得到验证却很少,如何提高转化医学的转化率是全世界面临的难题。本文简要综述了转化医学的概念与发展,转化医学在中国微创外科中的应用及面临的问题。

Translational medicine（ TM） was first introduced in 1992. The core objective of TM is to translate basic scientific findings into therapeutic interventions for patients. TM can increase the understanding of important disease processes. In recent years,the investment in basic medical research has been increasing,but very few results can benefit clinical practice. To prevent basic and clinical medicine being disjointed and fragmented,TM is urgently needed. In worldwide,the development history of minimally invasive surgery（ MIS） is also the process of collaborative development between basic medicine and clinical medicine. China adopted the minimally invasive surgery later than the western countries. However,through the early TM efforts of Chinese academics,Chinese MIS is building up a momentum and starts to impact MIS field worldwide. The most important issue at this time is how we improve the conversion rate of basic medicine to clinical medicine. Here,we briefly review the applications and difficulties of TM in MIS,especially in China.