论《文心雕龙·丽辞》的俪偶与骈散

Concept of Antithetical Parallelism in Wenxindiaolong

南朝梁代刘勰的《文心雕龙·丽辞》,是中国古代文学理论批评发展史上第一篇关于骈俪文辞形式的专论。六朝时期崇尚骈俪的时代文化风习和历代文人对汉语言文字固有特点的不断揭示,促使《文心雕龙·丽辞》应运而生,首次将骈俪对偶作为一个专门的课题加以系统研究。刘勰认为,骈俪对偶肇源于造化自然,文学作品中运用俪偶,不仅可以增加句式和音律之美,而且可以突出重点,强调语气,对文章内容起到一定的强化作用。更为可贵的是,在骈偶盛行的时代背景下,刘勰中肯公允地指出,骈散同源于自然之理,因此写作文章,应当根据情况需要而兼用骈散,注重"迭用奇偶"和"奇偶适变",以达到良好的语言效果。

Lici in Wenxindiaolong by Liu Xie in the Southern Dynasty, is the first monograph about antithetical parallelism in the history of development of theory and criticism of Chinese ancient literature.The cultural atmosphere of advocating antithetical parallelism of the Southern Dynasty, and inherent characteristics of Chinese language, spawned the theory of Lici in Wenxindiaolong which specially and systematically studied antithetical parallelism for the first time. Liu Xie pointed out that antithetical parallelism originated in the influence of nature, application of antithetical parallelism and prose at the same time in literary creation, could create a good effect of literary language.