两种大鼠骺板损伤模型的比较

Comparison on Two Models of Epiphyseal Plate Injury in Rat

目的比较直接刮除法和手动成角法制备的骺板损伤模型的差别，为更好地研究骺板损伤的病变进程、治疗和预后提供实验基础。方法4～5周龄Wistar大鼠45只，分为3组，第1组为对照组，不作处理，正常饲养：第2组为直接刮除组，直接切除胫骨上端前内侧骺板制作骺板损伤模型；第3组为手动成角组，采用外翻用力，并适当加用剪切力使骨骺在骺板软骨水平与干骺端分离制作骺板损伤模型。均于术后4d、10d和21d处死，取双侧胫骨。行Micro—CT扫描，用系统分析软件CTAn（comprehensive TeX archivenetwork）测量各时间点双侧胫骨长度、胫骨粗隆宽度以及胫腓骨之间最宽距离的差值，并进行统计学分析。组织学切片HE染色，观察损伤骺板在各时间点的形态学特征。结果直接刮除法与手动成角法Micro-CT、HE染色检测显示，二者在术后4d均见到骺板宽度增加，前者出现周围骨质密度减低和幼稚软骨细胞；术后10d，前者出现骺板变窄，后者开始出现周围骨质密度减低；术后21d，前者有明确的骨桥形成，骺早闲出现，后者仅见细小新生骨质。标本大体测量结果显示，术后各时间点两种方法胫骨长度差值、胫骨粗隆宽度差值以及胫腓骨之间最宽距离的差值均显著高于对照组（P〈0．05）；术后21d，直接刮除组数据均大于手动成角组（p：0．05）；术后4d和10d，两种方法没有显著性差异（P〉0．05）。结论直接刮除法制作的大鼠骺板损伤模型，具有相对明确的均一性和稳定的造模成功率，更适合于对骺板损伤的机制探讨等基础性研究。

Objective To compare two methods for constructing animal models of epiphyseal plate injury, and therefore to learn more about the disease of epiphyseal plate injury. Methods Fourty-five Wistar rats aged between 4-5 weeks were divided into three groups. Group A was control group, without operation; Group B was direct-injury group, in which the upper part of right tibial epihpyseal plate were cut; Group C was manual-rotation group, in which the knees of rats were grabbed valgusly. The rats were sacrificed after 4, 10 and 21days of operation. Micro-CT scanning and histological assessments were done. The differences between the length of left and fight tibia, the width oftuberositas of left and right tibiae, and the minimum distance between tibia and fibula were examined by CTAn（Comprehensive TeX Archive Network） software. Results Micro-CT scanning and histological assessments showed that, after 4 days of operation, the width of epiphyseal plate were larger in Group B and Group C, immature chondrocytes were found in Group B, and the bone mineral density around operation site were lower than control in Group B. After 10 days of operation, the epiphyseal plate became narrower in Group B, and the bone mineral density around operation site appeared to be lower than normal in Group C. After 21 days of operation, the bone bridge was found in Group B, and only small new-born sclerotin appeared in Group C. According to the length of tibia, the width of tibial tuberosity, and the maximal interval between tibia and fibula, all of these values in Group B and Group C were significantly higher than Group A （control group） （P〈0.05）; but the values after operation of 21 days of Group B were signifi- cantly higher than those of Group B （P〈0.05）, other values were not significantly different between the two groups （P〉0.05）. Conclusion It is proved that the method of direct-injury is a much better one for constructing rat models of epiphyseal plate injury. This method has good stability and variation which more proper for studying disease of epiphyseal plate injury.