青龙泉遗址随葬猪牲的C、N稳定同位素分析

The Analysis of the Stable Carbon and Nitrogen Isotope of Pig Offering in a Tomb at Qinglongquan Site

本文对湖北郧县青龙泉遗址石家河文化M148中12例随葬猪骨及其它单位出土的家猪、狗、鹿、虎、熊、水牛等动物骨骼17例进行进行了C和N稳定同位素分析,旨在揭示随葬用猪的食谱特征,以深入探讨猪牲的饲养策略以及其主要来源。与其它动物相比,随葬猪群的13C和15N值分布范围非常广泛(-19.9^-8.1‰,3.6~8‰)。根据其13C和15N值,随葬猪群可分为三类:1.野猪,具有最低的13C和15N值;2.家猪,具有较高的13C和15N值;3.家猪,具有最高的13C值和较高的15N值。由此可以看出,随葬用家猪应来自生业模式和饮食习惯各不相同的家庭单位对M148墓葬主人的供奉,这可能反映了石家河文化时期汉水流域社会资源的集中化以及社会阶层的分化。

This paper aims to explore the feeding practices of pigs that were buried in a Shijiahe culture tomb as offerings （4600-4000BP） at Qinglongquan site, Hubei. Therefore, the stable carbon and nitrogen isotope values of collagen of the pig mandible were investigated, and a wide range of both δ13C and δ15N （- 19.9-8.1‰,3.6-8 ‰, respectively） was observed. Two samples, with low carbon and nitrogen values were representative of wild boars. Although most individuals within the assemblage consist of similar stable isotopic signatures within the tomb, their diets were dominated by C3 foods supplemented by C4 products （possibly rice-related and millet-related respectively）. Individuals with enriched δ13C values suggested a millet based diet. This pattern indicates that the pigs found in the burial were possibly derived from different groups adopted to different subsistence practice.